Combined effect of melt thermal treatment and Sr modifier on microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-14Si alloy
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the combined effect of melt thermal treatment and Sr modifier on microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-14Si alloy. Various characterization techniques and testings such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, tensile test and hardness test were carried out to evaluate the samples. The results showed that the melt thermal treated alloys have a more refined primary Si phase and modified eutectic Si structure than that of the conventional cast alloys. This led to a considerable improvement in tensile strength, hardness and ductility in the melt thermal treated alloys. The mean size of primary Si and eutectic Si was lesser in the case of the sample that had undergone both melt thermal treatment and Sr-modification than the only Sr-modified alloy. These lead to a significant improvement in mechanical properties of the alloy treated by both melt thermal treatment and Sr-modifier than only Sr-modified alloy.
References
Manani, S; Pradhan, A. K. Effects of melt thermal
treatment on cast Al-Si alloys. A review, Mater. Today: Proc.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.421.
. Dwivedi, D. K; Sharma, A.; Rajan, T. V. Influence of Silicon Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Piston Alloys. Mater. Manuf. Process. 2005, 20, 777.
Abouei, V.; Shabestari, S.G.; Saghafian, H. Dry sliding wear behaviour of hypereutectic Al–Si piston alloys containing iron-rich intermetallics. Mater. Charact. 2010, 61, 1089.
Wang, Q. L.; Geng, H. R.; Zuo, M.; Long, F.; Peng, X. Effects of melt thermal rate treatment and modification of P and RE on hypereutectic Al–Si–Cu–Mg alloy. Mater. Sci. Techno. 2013, 29, 1233.
Xu C.L.; Jiang, Q. C. Morphologies of Primary Silicon in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys with Melt Overheating Temperature and Cooling Rate. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2006,437 ,451.
Liu, X. F.; Wu, Y. Y.; Bian, X. F. The nucleation sites of primary Si in Al–Si alloys after addition of boron and phosphorus. J. Alloy. Compd. 2005, 391, 90.
Narayan Prabhu, V.V.K. Review of Microstructure Evolution in Hypereutectic Al–Si Alloys and its Effect on Wear Properties. Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 2014, 67, 1.
Ibrahim, M. F.; Abdelaziz, M. H.; Samuel, A. M.; Doty, H. W.; Samuel, F. H. Effect of Rare Earth Metals on the Mechanical Properties and Fractography of Al–Si-Based Alloys. Inter. Metalcast. 2020, 14, 108.
Li, Q.; Xia, T.; Lan, Y.; Zhao, W.; Fan, L.; Li, P. Effect of rare earth cerium addition on the microstructure and tensile properties of hypereutectic Al–20%Si alloy. J. Alloys Compd. 2013, 562, 25.
Timpel, M.; Wanderka, N.; Murty, B. S.; Banhart, J. Three-dimensional visualization of the
microstructure development of Sr-modified Al–15Si
casting alloy using FIB-EsB tomography. Acta Mater. 2010, 58 , 6600.
Reza, H.; Giulio, T. An investigation on primary Si refinement by Sr and Sb additions in a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy. Mater. Lett. 2021, 283, 128779.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2020.128779
Ganesh, M.R.S.; Reghunath, N.; Levin, M. J.; Prasad, A.; Doondi, S.; Shankar, K.V. Strontium in Al–Si–Mg Alloy, A Review. Met. Mater. Int. 2021. 10.1007/s12540-021-01054-y.
Dao, V.; Zhao, S.; Lin, W.; Zhang, C. Effect of process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties in AlSi9Mg connecting-rod fabricated by semi-solid squeeze casting. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2012, 558, 95.
Kaur, P.; Dwivedi, D. K; Pathak, P. M. Effects of electromagnetic stirring and rare earth compounds on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al–Si alloys. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2012, 63, 415.
Xu, C.L.; Jiang, Q.C. Morphologies of Primary Silicon in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys with Melt Overheating Temperature and Cooling Rate. J. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2006, 437, 451.
Li, Q. L.; Xia, T. D.; Lan, Y. F.; Li, P. F. Effects of melt superheat treatment on microstructure and wear behaviours of hypereutectic Al–20Si alloy. Mater. Sci. Techno. 2014, 30, 835.
Wang, Q.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, Z.; Yen, H.; Geng, H. Study of Melt Thermal-Rate Treatment and Low-Temperature Pouring on Al-15%Si Alloy. JOM. 2013, 65, 958
Al-Helal, K.; Stone, I.C.; Fan, Z. Simultaneous Primary Si Refinement and Eutectic Modification in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys. Trans. Indian Inst. Metals. 2012, 65, 663.
Liang, S.M.; Schmid-Fetzer, R. Phosphorus in Al-Si cast alloys: thermodynamic prediction of the AlP and eutectic (Si) solidification sequence validated by microstructure and nucleation undercooling data. Acta Mater. 2014, 72, 41.
Abdelaziz, M.H.; Samuel, A.M.; Doty, H.W.; Valtierra, S.; Samuel, F.H. Effect of additives on the microstructure and tensile properties of Al–Si alloys. J. Mater. Res. Tecnol. 2019, 8, 2255.
Liang, C.; Chen, Z.H.; Huang, Z.Y.; Zu, F.Q. optimizing microstructures and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-18%Si alloy via manipulating its parent liquid state. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2017, 690, 387.
Zhang, X.F.; Chen, Z.H.; Gao, W.L.; Feng, D.S.; Zu, F.Q. Refinement of primary silicon in Al-18Si alloy by melt mixing method. Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys. 2013, 33, 240.
Q. Wang, Q.; Geng, H.; Zhang, S. Effects of Melt Thermal-Rate Treatment on Fe-Containing Phases in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy. Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 2014, 45, 1621.
Bian, X.F.; Wang, W. Thermal-rate treatment and structure transformation of Al – 13 wt .% Si alloy melt. Mater. Lett. 2000, 44, 54.
V. Deev, V.; Prusov, E.; Ri, E.; Prihodko, O.; Smetanyuk, S.; Chen, X.; Konovalov, S. Effect of Melt Overheating on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Mg-Si Cast Alloy. Metals. 2021, 11, 1353.
Jia, P.; Zhang, J.; Hu, X.; Teng, X.; Zuo, M.; Gao, Z.; Yang, C.; Zhao, D. Grain refining effects of the melt thermal-rate treatment and Al-Ti-B-Y refiner in as-cast Al-9Si-0.5Mg alloy. Mater. Res. Express. 2018, 5, 066520. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aac994.
Zu, F. Q. Temperature-Induced Liquid-Liquid Transition in Metallic Melts: A Brief Review on the New Physical Phenomenon. Metals. 2015, 5, 395.
Chen, Z. W.; Jie, W. Q.; Zhang, R. J. Superheat treatment of Al–7Si–0.55Mg alloy melt. Mater. Lett. 2005, 59, 2183.