Hydrogen Geo-storage - A Review on Storage and Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs
Abstract
Hydrogen has emerged as a promising renewable alternative for addressing our energy needs and advancing towards the goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions. Large scale generation of hydrogen is a way forward to the storage of renewable energy and securing the energy economy for a future perspective. Within this context, underground hydrogen storage in depleted reservoirs, saline aquifers and salt caverns have garnered increasing attention due to its potential to securely and cost-effectively store hydrogen on a large scale. However, a primary challenge in the domain of hydrogen geo-storage lies in achieving efficient hydrogen extraction from porous media after extended storage periods. In an ideal scenario, the volume of hydrogen recovered should equal the volume initially injected. Due to their abundance and suitability of geological features for storage, formations, once served as a source of fossil fuels are being explored as potential sites for the geo-storage of hydrogen. Although there are many wettability studies on sandstone reservoirs, limited number of studies are available for carbonate rocks. Hence this study provides qualitative insights into the hydrogen trapping efficiency as well as effective recovery from depleted carbonate reservoirs. Also, the challenges associated with the storage phenomena in depleted reservoirs has been addressed here.
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